BASIC LINES (definition)
man-made device used for symbolization
horizontal vertical slant curve |
BASIC SHAPES (definition)
item that is measured by height and width 2/d
triangle square circle
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BASIC FORMS (definition)
item that is measured by height, width and depth 3/d
sphere cone pyramid cylinder cube |
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DIRECTION (definition)
guided visual movement, where an artist wants you to look
COMPOSITION (definition)
an arrangement of items on a picture plane
PROPORTIONS (definition)
relationship of size and area, scale
MOTION (definition)
movement, lines that give the illusion of going from
one
area to another using angles.
CRAFTSMANSHIP (definition)
quality of work, neatness
CONTOUR LINES (definition)
lines that define an object (starts to show depth, not finished
product)
UNITY (definition)
oneness with everything working together as a
cohesive
piece of artwork.
RHYTHM (definition)
ordered repetition of an element (like a pattern)
HARMONY (definition)
similarity or repetition (of design ideas that are alike)
STEPS IN DRAWING A COMPOSITION 1. block in shapes
2.
check proportions
3.
refine and add detail
4.
add values (lights and shadows)
TEXTURE (definition)
surface quality of an object to show how something
might
fee, what it is made of.
CRITERIA (definition)
a standard by which something will be judged, the requirements
for a piece of artwork
CREATIVITY (definition)
1. using common in uncommon way
2. back-ground knowledge plus
imagination
DEPTH (definition)
the first three ways that can show depth are: (examples)
1.
Contour lines 2.
Overlapping 3. Size and
placement
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CONTRAST (definition)
extreme difference, opposite i.e. black & white, etc.
DOMINANCE (definition)
largest amounts used to have something occupy the most
prominent position within a composition.
EMPHASIS (definition)
some element or principle that is different than the unified
piece to pull attention or focus to it
CRITIQUE (definition)
a detailed analysis and assessment of something, judging
critically the art.
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SPACE (definition)
area surrounding objects and objects themselves i.e. positive
and negative space
A:
Positive object themselves, items to standout for emphasis (focal point) i.e. dog, person,
flower
B:
Negative the unoccupied or empty space left after the positive elements
have been created, i.e. background, air around object
BALANCE (definition)
a visual well-being or felling of stability, or an equal distribution of visual weight,
whether 3/D or 2/D.
A:
Symmetrical (formal) on can draw a line in the center whether vertical
or horizontal to show duplicate design [mirror image]
B:
Asymmetrical (informal) design does not repeat itself on the other side. [landscape]
C:
Radial all design seems to radiate out from one spot. (spiral)
VALUES (definition)
chiaroscuro, lightness or darkness of a surface.
RULES
1. When there is a change in surface there is a change in values.
2. Reflected light is darker than the shadow but lighter
that the shadow core.
1.
Highlight 2. Light 3. Shadow edge 4. Shadow core
5. Reflected light 6. Cast shadow (number 4 and 5 are what make you appear to
be trained. No smudging with your
finger, at any time when doing values, strictly the pencil).
PORTRAIT (definition)
Introduction to portrait drawing
1.
Draw an oval shape
2.
Eye level- ½ way
3.
Central axis- ½ way
4.
End of nose- less than ½
5.
Center line of mouth- 1/3 bet/nose
& chin
6.
Bottom of lips- ½ way bet/ nose &
chin
7.
Eyes- divide eye-line in fifths
8.
Eyebrows- little less than width of
an eye
9.
Nostrils- drop a straight line down
from the corners of your eyes
10. Corners
of mouth- drop a straight line
from center of pupils
11. Top
of ears- little above eye level line
12. Bottom
of ears- space bet/ nose & mouth
13. Neck-
little past outside corner of eye
*men’s maybe wider
14. Hair-
estimate thickness
linear PERSPECTIVE (definitions)
the illusion of depth on a 2/D surface using horizon line/
eye level, and points of vanishing lines, showing how items recede. 1pt.
perspective when one entire side is facing the viewer and all lines go back to one point. 2pt.
perspective when the corner of
the cube is facing the viewer and the sides diminish to two points.
Lines
used in 1pt.: vertical, horizontal converging.
Lines
used in 2pt.: vertical, converging
ONE POINT HOUSE (example) TWO
POINT HOUSE (example)
COLOR (definition)
another name for hue/ pure, reflected light that we see as
opposed to absorbed light that we don’t. (this is what is found on a color wheel)
properties include: hue, pure, value,
intensity (the brightness and dullness of a
color)
COLOR WHEEL 
rules:
1.
Primary colors are primary because
they make all other colors
Primary colors are primary because
they make all other colors
2.
No other color will make the
primary colors
No other color will make the
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Two
colors are fence sitters:
Yellow-Green
Red-Violet
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Categories:
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Hue:
Yellow,
red, blue
Green,
violet, orange
Yellow-orange,
red- orange,
red-violet, blue-violet,
blue- green,
yellow-green
PURE (definition)
nothing added to the hue found on the wheel
doesn’t
change the hue, i.e. values, direct complements
VALUE (definition)
these are the lightness and darkness of
a surface in color i.e.
TINT:
White plus the Hue
TONE:
Gray plus the Hue
SHADE:
Black plus the Hue
WARM yellow,
yellow-orange, orange, red-orange, red
COOL green,
blue-green, blue, blue-violet, violet
Primary
Colors: Yellow, Blue, Red
Secondary
Colors: Violet, Orange, Green
Tertiary
Colors: Yellow-green, Blue-green, Blue-violet, Red- violet,
Red-orange, Yellow-orange
COLOR SCHEMES (definition)
a way to organize color in artwork, overlapping value with
a specific hue. There are two different
types of schemes: harmonious, and contrast. Each category gives a different type
of feeling an artist tries to portray.
HARMONIOUS (definition)
examples as follows:
(category) Monochromatic=
one hue plus tints, tones, and shades of that hue
(example:
red, then red + black, red + gray, red + white)
Analogous=
any three hues next to each other on the wheel plus tints,
tones, and shades of those hues (example: red, red-violet, violet)
Warm=
all five warm hues on the wheel plus tints, tones, and shades
for each of those hues (example: yellow, yellow-orange, orange,
red-orange, red)
Cool=
all five cool hues on the wheel plus tints, tones, and shades for
each of those hues (example: green, blue-green, blue, blue- violet, violet)
CONTRAST (definition)
examples as follows:
(category) Direct
complement= (1set) any two hues directly opposite each other
on the wheel plus tints, tones, and shades for each of those hues (example: red and
green)
Double
complement= any two sets of complements plus tints, tones
and shades for each of those hues (example: red and green, blue and orange)
Split
complement= one hue plus two hues on either side (next to its)
of complement plus tints, tones, and shades for each of the hues (example: red,
yellow-green and blue-green)
Triad=
any three hues of equal distance apart plus tints, tones and shades
for each of the hues (example: red, blue, and yellow)
FANTASY (definition)
when you use common in uncommon way with your background
knowledge and your imagination. You have
to have a starting point. The first three categories are the
main part of fantasy the last is just the detail
given to complete them
IMAGINARY HUMANOID mermaid, ghouls, goblins, giants, elf, demon,
dwarf, centaur, (category) wizard, these have the
ability to think and reason.
MYTHICAL ANIMAL dragons,
dinosaurs, Pegasus, griffins, bugs, unicorns, these exist to (category) please their master, for
carnal reasons, work
MAGICAL MACHINE space
station, pulleys, robots, rockets, space ship, space shuttle, (category) time machines, computers,
these must be programed before they are able to
function
ENCHANTED WORLD outer
space, inner space, underwater worlds, castles, glass (category) capsules, architectural
wonders, earth, this would be the background of
the categories found above
ELEMENTS OF ART
(definition) the basic visual
symbols an artist uses to create works of art. An artist’s success depends on how well he or
she uses these elements. They
are: line, shape, form, color, texture,
space, value
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN (definition)
guidelines that govern the way artists organize the elements
of art. They are: balance, unity,
harmony, contrast, emphasis, proportion, size, movement, rhythm
